Bavaria further wants to operate its own charter flights to deport migrants.

The United States launched coronavirus-related rules in March allowing authorities to rapidly deport migrants encountered at the border.

The Italian government has passed a decree which will make it easier to deport migrants and strip them of Italian citizenship.

France and Britain, two major contributors of troops in the Afghan war, agreed in July to toughen border controls and jointly deport migrants.

Greece has been under pressure from EU partners to directly deport migrants arriving from Turkey instead of allowing them to go elsewhere in Europe.

US president Donald Trump doubled down on his hardline immigration policy on Monday, urging Mexico to deport migrants trying to cross the border into California.

Many other deported migrants say their lives are in danger back home.

Ministers also want to enhance the role of EU border control agency Frontex in deporting migrants.

Rights groups have criticised Turkey for deporting migrants back to conflict-torn countries, including Afghanistan, saying it was putting their lives at risk.

- Deport migrants who are legally in Spanish territory but who have committed minor offences or serious crimes.