1
There was no injury to the lower pole ureter or vascular pedicle.
2
One patient had secondary atrophy of the lower pole.
3
Next she swung back on to the lower pole.
4
Nephrectomy was performed with lower pole nephro-lithotomy and reconstruction of the upper urinary tract through ureterocalicostomy.
5
P yelk-stopper (white round field at the lower pole).
6
The upper pole ureter is dissected below the lower pole vessels and distal ureteral dissection is completed.
7
In addition, failing to diagnose lower pole crossing vessels before or during the primary procedure is also responsible for recurrent UPJO.
8
Conclusions: Our technique enables reliable and safe excision of upper pole renal tissue with the maximal preservation of functioning lower pole parenchyma.
9
In addition, the avoidance of initial, potentially cumbersome hilar dissection minimizes the risk of injury to the lower pole ureter and vascular supply.
10
A potential complication of using a zero-tip basket to remove stones from a lower - lower pole calix of the kidney is impaction in this position.
11
Background: Crescentric tissue expanders have the potential to improve postoperative aesthetic results via selective lower pole expansion; however, limited data are available on their efficacy.
12
On gross examination, an additional ovoid nodule (0.6 cm in the greatest dimension) was found in the lower pole.
13
In most cases, stones were found in lower poles as compared to the mid pole and upper pole of the kidneys.