Meanings of reverse causation in английском

The effect of antibiotics was probably due to reverse causation.

Limitations: The cross-sectional design cannot rule out reverse causation.

The results of this prospective study are less susceptible to reverse causation than prior studies.

Twin designs can help neighborhood effects studies overcome selection and reverse causation problems in specifying causal mechanisms.

Nonetheless, whether those associations reflect a true protective effect of bilirubin on IHD, rather than confounding or reverse causation, remains unknown.

Results from hospital-based case-control studies (n = 9) were mostly consistent, but these studies are potentially subject to reverse causation.

Rather it may reflect issues of reverse causation, reporting bias, and confounding by aspects of the material environment typically associated with misery.

The most likely possible explanation is reverse causation indicating that frequent upper respiratory infections, an early symptom of asthma, are treated with antibiotics.