Both pathogens bind to CEACAMs and elicit a variety of cellular reactions, including bacterial internalization, cell adhesion and apoptosis.

LSECs demonstrated an active immunosurveillance profile, as shown by transcriptional modulation of different scavenger and cell-adhesion genes, and their contribution to bacterial internalization.

We found that intracellular inositol phosphate concentrations in HeLa cells increased during S. typhimurium entry and returned to normal levels after bacterial internalization.