Meanings of brown adipocytes in anglès

Two distinct types of fat cells are known: White and brown adipocytes.

Here we report on secretion and hormonal regulation of leptin by brown adipocytes.

This molecular probe is a new, sensitive and reliable tool with which to study human brown adipocytes.

Primary brown adipocyte cultures in vitro confirmed that miRNAs are required for marker gene expression in mature brown adipocytes.

Using isotopic labeling experiments, we found that activated brown adipocytes increased labeling of pyruvate and TCA cycle intermediates from U13C-glucose.

Recent studies have demonstrated that brown adipocytes also secrete factors that act locally and systemically to influence fuel and energy metabolism.

The uncoupling protein (UCP) gene encodes a unique mammalian mitochondrial proton carrier that induces heat production in brown adipocytes.

Taken together, our study demonstrates an essential role of miRNAs in the maintenance as well as in the differentiation of brown adipocytes.

White adipocytes are plastic cells able to reversibly transdifferentiate into brown adipocytes and into epithelial glandular cells under physiologic stimuli in vivo.

Importantly, BAT content and activity decline in obese subjects, mainly as a result of the conversion of brown adipocytes to white-like unilocular cells.

Altogether, our results demonstrate that brown adipocytes express and secrete leptin, whose hormonal regulation clearly differs from that described in white adipose tissue.

The depletion of all types of brown adipocytes during aging is well-established and has been described in rodent models as well as humans.

Recent findings: Studies have identified a number of novel receptors and regulatory proteins involved in the emergence of brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue.

We show that mitochondrial pyruvate uptake is essential for optimal thermogenesis, as conditional deletion of Mpc1 in brown adipocytes leads to impaired cold adaptation.

To gain insights into the roles of all 3 ERRs, we assessed mitochondrial function and adrenergic responses in primary brown adipocytes lacking combinations of ERRs.

Primary brown adipocytes were additionally examined for their bioenergetics by extracellular flux analysis as well as their uptake of 2-deoxy-3H-glucose.