Methods: The phlebotomine mortality of four systemic insecticides in dogs was evaluated using two randomized clinical trials.

Where intensive agricultural production takes place, the finger of blame has pointed to the use of systemic insecticides, especially neonicotinoids.

The report will also discuss systemic insecticides, known as neonicotinoids, and the linking of them to Colony Collapse Disorder overseas.

The use of systemic insecticides in dogs has been studied as an alternative strategy to control ZVL in endemic areas.

Systemic insecticides in dogs should be considered as a potential preventive measure of ZVL.