The putative antigenic epitope was identified on the viral nucleoprotein.

Recently, we defined the antigenic epitope recognized by the human monoclonal antibody L94 to be a protein with a C-terminal sequence of alanine-proline (AP).

Two amino acid motifs in region I were predicted to contain the common antigenic epitopes.

Antigenic epitopes on the 3D structure of these proteins was also predicted using bioinformatics analysis.

Immune escape by antigenic drift, in which viruses generate mutations in key antigenic epitopes, becomes highly exaggerated.

Phage displayed peptides mimicking the antigenic epitopes of HCV proteins could be applied to development of HCV vaccine.

Firstly, a similarity in the antigenic epitopes of L. biflexa and L. interrogans was confirmed by the following assays.

Employing this method we demonstrated several dominant antigenic epitopes recognized by IgA antibodies of RCD patients on the CRT molecule.

We therefore used the Pepscan technique with synthetic overlapping decapeptides of CRT to characterize antigenic epitopes recognized by serum IgA antibodies of RCD patients.

These experiments suggest that the strategy of exchanging specific antigenic epitopes among pestiviruses is a promising tool for the development of new CSFV marker vaccines.