Meanings of arisen independently in English

Hence the segmentation must have arisen independently in each.

TRIMCyps are anti-retroviral proteins that have arisen independently in New World and Old World primates.

Haplotype analysis in the U.K. family and four of the Slovakian families demonstrated that the mutation had arisen independently.

It would further appear that oogamous reproduction has arisen independently in each of the three main groups of Euchlorophyceae, viz.

Two different orders seem to have arisen independently, or diverged rapidly from each other, in different parts of the world.

The tRNA methyltransferases comprise a diverse enzyme superfamily, including members of multiple structural classes that appear to have arisen independently during evolution.

De Robertis concludes (1997): "It seems improbable that such a complicated way of making individual metameres would have arisen independently twice in evolution."

The Dorkings may be descended directly from the Roman fowls, or various strains of five-toed fowls may have arisen independently from the preservation of sports.

At many moments in history, states have arisen independently-or ,ascultural anthropologists say, "pristinely," that is, in the absence of any preexisting surrounding states.