Meanings of black smokers in English

In the deepest trenches, black smokers gush scalding chemical soup.

Emphysema is less severe in black smokers than in their white counterparts, US researchers reported today.

It's dilapidated now, with old black smokers and ice crusting over the walls of the walk-in freezer.

The metals drop out when the " black smokers" hit the cooler sea water and form rocky chimneys.

Indeed, one currently respectable theory is that Earth's lifeforms started around mini-volcanoes, the black smokers, on the ocean floors.

A self-propelled lab collects gases from black smokers to learn what the microorganisms that live inside them feed on.9.

Among black smokers, a significant dose-related decrease in CD4+ cells was observed as the number of cigarettes smoked per day increased.

These systems are probably not as energetic as Earth's black smokers, because there's not likely to be much free oxygen in Europa's ocean.

Researchers have been surveying volcanic underwater vents - sometimes called black smokers - in the South West Indian Ridge in the Indian Ocean.

Another big advantage of exploring the volcanoes in the region is that they are much closer to the surface than other black smokers.

In each segment we located deep-sea hydrothermal vents hosting high-temperature black smokers up to 382.8°C and diffuse venting.

More than 70 percent of black smokers in the United States use menthol cigarettes, compared with about 30 percent of white smokers, the researchers said.

Black smokers in the Cayman Trough.

Black smokers suffer more from smoking-related illnesses and death than their white counterparts, possibly because of inferior access to good medical care.