Norwood operations were the only procedure in which no patient was extubated within the first 24 hours.

Most neonates, including many undergoing complex procedures, can be extubated within the first 24 hours after surgery.

They were all successfully closed using muscle flaps with no mortality and all patients were extubated within 24 hours.

Notably, 63% of the neonates were extubated within 24 hours, including 67% of arterial switch operations and 54% of total anomalous pulmonary venous return repairs.