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1
However, the mechanisms of the estrogen-dependent and -
independent
pathways
essentially remain unknown.
2
The relative importance of different receptor-
independent
pathways
has not been addressed.
3
These observations suggest the presence of NMDA-
independent
pathways
that contribute to CFA-induced pain.
4
Both PKC-dependent and PKC-
independent
pathways
have been implied in this regulation.
5
CBD also acts within
independent
pathways
boosting or lowering the binding of some G-proteins.
6
Internalization of TRAIL is mediated primarily by clathrin-dependent endocytosis and also by clathrin-
independent
pathways
.
7
PAR2 also uniquely triggers tumor cell migration by G protein-
independent
pathways
through beta-arrestin scaffolding.
8
Patterns of IgE-SWA responses were qualitatively different to IgG4 responses, suggesting
independent
pathways
of regulation.
9
These data indicate that KATP channel openers regulate arterial diameter via SUR-dependent and -
independent
pathways
.
10
Hence, the CsA-induced promotion of trophoblast growth and invasion occurred by overlapping but
independent
pathways
.
11
For HIV-1, both receptor-dependent and
independent
pathways
were described.
12
The antigenic peptide can be processed for CTL recognition via both TAP-dependent and TAP-
independent
pathways
.
13
This suggests involvement of separate SA-dependent and SA-
independent
pathways
,
respectively, in the transcriptional activation of these genes.
14
Staining for BCAR1 and Src, markers associated with androgen-
independent
pathways
,
was increased in DC compared to AC.
15
These results may suggest that caspase-1-
independent
pathways
such as toll-like receptors may be more prominent in BD pathogenesis.
16
We find that hypoxic-induced transcriptional changes are comprised of HIF-dependent and HIF-
independent
pathways
that are distinct and separable.
independent
pathways
independent
pathway