Conclusions: This study demonstrates the use of a novel system for intraoperative identification of nonpalpable lesions.

The high-resolution, high-speed imaging capabilities of OCT may permit the intraoperative identification of tumor and the more precise localization of tumor margins.

The aim of this study was to compare localization by ID, IP, and SA injection routes based on preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative identification.

Intraoperative identification and removal of these lesions are difficult.