MI groups were compared to un-operated time- matched WT and KO controls.

However, starting from day 60, the total number of spermatids undergoing apoptosis was significantly lower in TG mice than in age- matched WT controls.

Serum and intra-testicular free testosterone levels were significantly lower in 30, 120, 180 and 360-day-old ABP-TG mice than in age- matched WT-controls.

IOP levels in both 12- and 24-week old female ArKO mice were significantly higher than those of age- and sex- matched WT controls.

After puberty (60 days and older) the total intra-testicular testosterone levels were higher than those in age- matched WT-controls and increased gradually, peaking on day 180.