Meanings of obligate carriers in English

Methods: All carriers and obligate carriers of the mutation were identified.

Mutation carriers and obligate carriers were also found to have cancers at other sites.

Results: GJB2 obligate carriers had a significant increase in epidermal thickness compared with control subjects.

There are only few reports that studied clinical status of the obligate carriers of ChAc.

Fifty-six carriers or obligate carriers were identified.

The disease penetrance in mutated and nonmutated families was assessed as a proportion of obligate carriers who were affected.

We determined the extent of suppressive rod-cone interaction in 11 obligate carriers and eight potential carriers of X-linked retinoschisis from eight families.

Results and conclusions: We were able to identify 14 obligate carriers of the gene in 12 of the families.