The pancreatic beta cell is the major source of circulating insulin in adult mammals.

Glucocorticoid doses, insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta cell function were compared among these groups.

In males, insulin resistance progresses to a severe form of diabetes accompanied by pancreatic beta cell failure.

APX-115 significantly improved pancreatic beta cell function by decreased fasting blood glucose levels and increased insulin levels.

These female SLE patients with hyperglycemia were characterized by insulin resistance and reduced pancreatic beta cell function, and they were relatively young.

GLIS3, which is involved in pancreatic beta cell development and insulin gene expression, is known for its association with fasting glucose levels.

Obesity-related insulin resistance represents the core component of the metabolic syndrome, promoting glucose intolerance, pancreatic beta cell failure and type 2 diabetes.

In conclusion, our data suggest that a 48-h hyperglycaemic period results in an increased response of the pancreatic beta cell to low glucose.

Using in situ imaging and hormone assays, we further show that JB253 bestows light sensitivity upon rodent and human pancreatic beta cell function.

Through their actions on ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, sulfonylureas boost insulin release from the pancreatic beta cell mass to restore glucose homeostasis.

The pancreatic beta cell normally maintains a stable balance among insulin secretion, insulin production, and insulin degradation to keep optimal intracellular stores of the hormone.

The pancreatic beta cell functions as a key regulator of blood glucose levels by integrating a variety of signals in response to changing metabolic demands.

The assessment of pancreatic beta cell function in humans is challenging because of a complex interplay between insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and hepatic insulin extraction.

Type 1A diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmunity targeted at a limited number of molecules that are expressed in the pancreatic beta cell.

Several isoforms of the leptin receptor are expressed in pancreatic beta cells.

In pancreatic beta cells, this would lead to less insulin secretion and thereby diabetes.