Meanings of photovoltaic effect in English

A substantial photoconductance and visible-light photovoltaic effect are found in radical hydrocarbons.

Unlike camera sensors and solar panels which rely on the photovoltaic effect, graphene creates a current because of a temperature difference.

Here, we report the photovoltaic effect in an organic molecular crystal tetrathiafulvalene-p-chloranil with a large ferroelectric polarization mostly induced by the intermolecular charge transfer.