Background: Survivors of preterm birth are at risk of long-term respiratory consequences.

Whether there have been major changes in spontaneous preterm birth is unknown.

About 2 million cervical cerclages are performed annually to prevent preterm birth.

Progesterone treatment has proven to be effective in preventing recurrent preterm birth.

Maternal lipid profiles during pregnancy are associated with risk for preterm birth.

Intrauterine bleeding during pregnancy is a major risk factor for preterm birth.

The association between dyslipidemia and preterm birth was tested with logistic regression.

Objective: To determine survival and neurologic outcomes at2 years after extremely preterm birth.

However, it does not account for the large ethnic differences in preterm birth.

Health outcomes included birth weight, preterm birth and smoking during pregnancy.

FGR and preterm birth was the leading risk factor cluster in all regions.

Current reports describe an increased rate of preterm birth and C-section.

Information on spontaneous preterm birth was extracted from the Danish Medical Birth Register.

It is associated with risk for preterm birth and HIV infection.

We conclude that anemia during the second trimester was associated with preterm birth.

We examined the literature on genetic associations with preterm birth as an example.