It should also be noted that the punishment for desertion is often significantly worse than public vilification.

Harrowdown Hill was where Kelly's body was found two days after his public vilification by the foreign affairs select committee.

As with other divestment campaigns the Smith School notes some players are able to avoid disapproval, while others face intense public vilification.

He said he was "astounded" at "frequent public vilification of rights defenders by senior government officials" to discredit and intimidate them.

Public vilification of specific ethnic groups not only entrenches prejudice, it gives comfort and support to those with extreme, anti-immigrant views.