Meanings of vertebrate hosts in English

Pathology to vertebrate hosts has emerged repeatedly in the order Ophiostomatales.

Female mosquitoes exploit olfactory, CO 2, visual, and thermal cues to locate vertebrate hosts.

When B. divergens infects its vertebrate hosts, it reproduces asexually within red blood cells.

Alphaviruses are alternately transmitted between arthropod and vertebrate hosts.

Background: Most alphaviruses are arthropod-borne and utilize mosquitoes as vectors for transmission to susceptible vertebrate hosts.

Sexual development occurs only in the cat gut, while asexual replication occurs in many vertebrate hosts.

Malaria parasites (genus Plasmodium) are a diverse group found in many species of vertebrate hosts.

Ticks are hematophagous arachnids transmitting a wide variety of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and protozoans to their vertebrate hosts.

West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by mosquitoes as they take a blood meal.

The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi undergoes substantial protein profile changes during its cycling between vector ticks and vertebrate hosts.

The etiologic agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, is capable of circumventing the immune defense of a variety of potential vertebrate hosts.

To date, however, our understanding of the biodiversity and evolution of the Flaviviridae has largely been directed toward vertebrate hosts and their blood-feeding arthropod vectors.

Rickettsia species are obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that can infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans, through arthropod vectors such as Ixodid ticks.

Thermodynamic and kinetic data are consistent with the formation of 1:1 Sb-ribonucleoside complexes in vertebrate hosts, following treatment with pentavalent antimonial drugs.

These tick-borne pathogens are transmitted to vertebrate hosts via tick saliva during blood feeding, and tick salivary gland (SG) factors are likely implicated in transmission.