The herniated part of the spinal cord was untethered and replaced, and the anterior dural defect was closed.

We believe that the pro-inflammatory effects of rhBMP-2 lead to early scarring of dural defect and resolution of CSF leak.

The patient underwent the second surgery for primary repair of the dural defect, but complained of headache after dural repair surgery.

Post-lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) is best explained by spinal fluid leakage due to delayed closure of a dural defect.

However, surgical removal of the collection and direct dural defect repair have been suggested in the literature but needed to be properly studied.