The principal passion of the old gentleman was the love of money.

For this reason, too, daring cannot be a principal passion.

Now anger is not accounted a principal passion; nor is daring which belongs to fortitude.

And so neither can anger be called a principal passion, because it arises from daring.

But there are four principal passions of the soul; two of which, viz.

Because hope is reckoned as one of the four principal passions.

Consequently these cannot be principal passions; because that which is accidental cannot be said to be principal.

Therefore joy and sadness, hope and fear should in no way be called the four principal passions.

Objection 1: It would seem that joy, sadness, hope and fear are not the four principal passions.

2: These are called principal passions, in the order of intention and completion.

But Augustine in setting down the four principal passions puts cupidity in the place of hope (De Civ.

3: Further, anger is not a principal passion.

The following are, I believe, the principal passions, humours, sentiments and intentions, which are to be expressed by speech and action.

Either, therefore, hope and despair should be reckoned as principal passions, since they cause others: or hope and daring, from being akin to one another.

3: The object of hope is higher than the object of desire, wherefore hope is accounted the principal passion in the irascible.