Conclusions: This novel ultrasound ablation system can successfully isolate multiple pulmonary veins.

No thrombi of the pulmonary veins were found in patients with CVA.

The left auricle receives the arterial blood from the pulmonary veins.

Usually they are related to increased pressure in the pulmonary veins.

The pulmonary veins from these segments drained into the left atrium.

Endpoint of ablation was elimination of electrical activity inside pulmonary veins.

The right inferior pulmonary veins branched immediately in 23% of the patients.

Variations in pulmonary veins can have a serious effect on patients undergoing lung surgery.

Aim: Improved detection of pulmonary -venous pathologies by imaging the pulmonary veins without arterial overlay.

Examine its inner surface and find the places of entrance of the pulmonary veins.

Transesophageal echocardiography is ideally suited to examine the pulmonary veins in the postoperative setting.

A transseptal puncture was selectively directed into the accessory compartment containing the pulmonary veins.

At reoperation, pacing documented electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins.

Angiography revealed a successful balloon dilatation of the long obstruction of the right pulmonary veins.

Special attention was placed on visualizing the pulmonary veins.

There were no late stenoses of the pulmonary veins.