Methods: One hundred and eighteen patients with abnormal Pap smears were included.

The majority of patients (68%) were referred for colposcopy for persistent mildly abnormal Pap smears.

Overall, 14.5 percent of women had abnormal Pap tests and 85.5 percent had normal tests.

Independent predictors of both recent and annual screenings included history of an abnormal Pap test, being heterosexual, and annual medical visits.

Most HSIL was detected within 1 year of the initial abnormal Pap smear and the majority of intervening Pap smears also were abnormal.

Conclusions: HR-HPV infection was highly prevalent in both cohorts and associated with an increased risk of abnormal Pap smears and biopsy proven CIN2+.

Surprisingly, incomplete HPV vaccination with two or fewer doses of the vaccine was not associated with a lower risk of having an abnormal Pap test.