The majority of the bone points are made from cervids and bovines.

These results are pertinent to horizontal CWD transmission in wild cervids.

However, we currently have a limited understanding of the impacts of these health challenges in Ontario cervids.

Free-ranging cervids in Canada face diverse threats such as climate change, human population expansion, and the northward spread of vector-borne pathogens.

Chronic wasting disease was not diagnosed among cervids tested during the study period, consistent with the previous lack of detection of the disease in Ontario.