No studies were identified evaluating injectable antibiotics alone for neonatal pneumonia.

Among these, 4 evaluated oral antibiotics for neonatal pneumonia in non-randomised, concurrently controlled designs.

Animal studies and initial clinical reports indicate that surfactant dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of severe neonatal pneumonia.

In neonatal pneumonia, the surface activity of pulmonary surfactant is impaired and microorganisms may invade by passing the air-liquid interface.