Meanings of recalcitrant biofilms in inglês

Organisms that cause cavities form recalcitrant biofilms, generate acids from dietary sugars and tolerate acid end products.

Further, the presence of drug- recalcitrant biofilms on medical devices and emergence of drug-resistant fungi, such as Candida auris, introduce treatment challenges with current antifungal drugs.

The major cause of biofouling is the irreversible attachment of recalcitrant biofilms formed by bacteria and their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on membrane surfaces.