Failure to assess for ascertainment bias increases the risk of false genetic associations.

Background: The effect of mutations on phenotype is often overestimated because of ascertainment bias.

Case ascertainment bias from targeted PHPT screening in patients being evaluated for osteoporosis is the most likely explanation.

The pedigrees were influenced by incomplete ascertainment bias, which was reduced by omitting the affected probands from the analysis.

High-throughput shotgun sequence data make it possible in principle to accurately estimate population genetic parameters without confounding by SNP ascertainment bias.

However, PPI networks are affected by ascertainment bias, in which more studied proteins tend to have more connections, degrading the results quality.

The mean minor allele frequency (MAF) did not vary between Asian and European sheep reflecting the absence of ascertainment bias.

It remains uncertain whether all information can be extracted by weakly parametric methods and whether correction for ascertainment bias demands a strongly parametric model.

The likelihood for each pedigree was conditioned on the proband and first-degree relatives affected with CRC to reduce ascertainment bias and overestimation of penetrance.

Conclusions: In US hospitals between 2001 and 2010, CAS was associated with worse in-hospital outcomes, partly attributable to selection and ascertainment bias.