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Intakes of total, red, or processed meat were not associated with the risk of gastric cardiacancer.
2
Further studies with more cases are needed to detect a positive association between cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption and cardiacancer.
3
For alcohol consumption, elevated risk was suggested only for cardiacancer of all histologic types, though the relationship failed to reach significance.
4
No association was observed between cigarette smoking and risk of the undifferentiated type of distal gastric cancer except for a suggestive association with cardiacancer.
5
In contrast, these polymorphisms were not consistently related to the risks of esophageal or gastric cardiacancers.