Background: Alfentanil is commonly used as opioid analgesic for short surgical procedures.

However, it remains unclear whether tolerance develops to peripheral opioid analgesic effects under neuropathic pain conditions.

Purdue also said its OxyContin painkiller made up just 2 percent of the U.S. opioid analgesic prescription market.

Fentanyl, a potent opioid analgesic that is used to treat cancer pain, is commonly administered with paclitaxel in advanced tumors.

Conclusions: Criminal or administrative charges and sanctions for prescribing opioid analgesics are rare.

One of the major side effects of opioid analgesics is sedation.

Most of the opioid analgesics used clinically selectively bind to mu opioid receptors.

Opioid analgesics, independently from the route of administration, are unable to provide all this.

Practitioners are highly likely to encounter patients with concurrent use of nicotine products and opioid analgesics.

Codeine and tramadol are opioid analgesics approved for the management of pain in the United States.

Despite the critical need, no previous research has substantiated safe opioid analgesics without abuse liability in primates.

Addiction to opioid analgesics is a great and often exaggerated concern to many patients and their support groups.

Most clinically used opioid analgesics are agonists to the MOR, but they can also cause severe side effects.

The proportion of prescriptions for opioid analgesics decreased from 18% to 7%.

MTS scores were highest in the patients who were taking opioid analgesics, suggesting that mucositis pain continued despite standard pain therapy.

Conclusions: The use of opioid analgesics in pregnant women in Norway was dominated by treatment of short duration of the weak opioid codeine.