Meanings of palliative procedures in английском

Background: Balloon atrial septostomy remains one of the most commonly performed palliative procedures in pediatric cardiology.

We reported our experience with combined palliative procedures for congenital heart defects with intractable hypoplasia pulmonary arteries.

On the other hands, case complexity correspondingly increased as evidenced by more extratemporal surgery, intracranial recordings and palliative procedures.

Different kinds of palliative procedures were performed according to the morphology of the right and left pulmonary arteries in every patient.

Similarly, laparoscopic palliative procedures have decreased because of the emergence of other minimally invasive options for relieving gastric outlet obstruction and biliary obstruction.

With the emergence of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, there appears to be an increasing role for historically palliative procedures as a bridge to systemic immunotherapy.