Meanings of orofacial cleft in English

Background: Previous studies have found that children born with a non-syndromic orofacial cleft have lower-than-average educational attainment.

Over 80% of infants had an isolated orofacial cleft.

Conclusions: To summarize, the findings suggest that individuals with an orofacial cleft show undisturbed emotion regulation and recognition.

Conclusions: Maternal smoking and medication use is associated with orofacial cleft risk as well as medication use is with spina bifida.

We investigated maternal NAT2 phenotype and the interaction with smoking and medication use periconceptionally on orofacial cleft and spina bifida risk in offspring.

Conclusion: A low vitamin B(12) and PLP concentration in mothers increased the risk of orofacial clefts in the offspring.

Here we review recent advances in genetic epidemiological approaches to complex traits and their applications to studies of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts.

Orofacial clefts are one of the most common birth defects in humans with a prevalence of 1:700.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for orofacial clefts have identified several susceptibility regions, but have largely focused on non-Hispanic White populations in developed countries.

Objective: The hearing status of children with orofacial clefts was analysed using objective hearing tests over an average of 38.7 months following soft palate closure.