Mammospheres with the characteristics of stem-like cells were collected by long-term serum- free suspension cultivation.

This work suggests that hESCs can differentiate in simple serum- free suspension cultures to produce the large number of cells required for transplantation studies.

These expanded CTCs exhibited different proportions of epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypes and were transferable for further expansion as spheroids in serum- free suspension or 3D cultures.

Surviving TH+ neurons, derived from the cells differentiated in serum- free suspension cultures, were detected 8 weeks after transplantation into 6-OHDA-lesioned rat brains.